Ethical Standards for Publication

Hakmah Theological Journal is committed to upholding the highest ethical standards in scholarly publishing. We follow the guidelines and best practices set by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and adhere to international standards for academic integrity. All parties involved in the publication process—authors, editors, reviewers, and the publisher—are expected to comply with these ethical standards.

For Authors

Originality and Plagiarism

Authors must ensure that their work is entirely original. Any use of others' work must be properly cited and referenced. Plagiarism in all forms—including direct copying, paraphrasing, or self-plagiarism—is unethical and unacceptable.

Plagiarism Check: All submissions are screened using plagiarism detection software. Manuscripts with similarity above 15% (excluding references) will be rejected or returned for revision.

Authorship and Acknowledgement

All persons listed as authors must have made significant contributions to the research and manuscript preparation. The corresponding author is responsible for ensuring all co-authors have approved the final version. All contributors who do not meet authorship criteria should be acknowledged.

Conflict of Interest

Authors must disclose any financial, personal, or professional relationships that could influence their work. This includes funding sources, employment, consultancies, or any other potential conflicts.

Data Access and Retention

Authors may be asked to provide raw data for review. They should retain this data for a reasonable period after publication and make it available upon request.

Multiple, Redundant, or Concurrent Publication

Manuscripts must not be submitted to multiple journals simultaneously. Publishing the same research in multiple journals is unethical. Authors should not submit previously published work unless explicitly permitted.

Prohibited Practices:
  • Simultaneous submission to multiple journals
  • Duplicate publication of the same research
  • Data fabrication or falsification
  • Undisclosed conflicts of interest
  • Guest or ghost authorship

Fundamental Errors

If authors discover significant errors in their published work, they must promptly notify the editor and cooperate to retract or correct the paper.

For Editors

Publication Decisions

Editors are responsible for deciding which submitted articles are published. Decisions are based on scholarly merit, originality, clarity, and relevance to the journal's scope, without regard to authors' race, gender, religion, or institutional affiliation.

Confidentiality

Editors must not disclose information about submitted manuscripts to anyone other than corresponding authors, reviewers, and the publisher. All communications regarding manuscripts must remain confidential.

Fair Play

Editors evaluate manuscripts solely on their intellectual content, without discrimination. Double-blind peer review ensures anonymity for both authors and reviewers.

Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest

Editors must recuse themselves from handling manuscripts where they have conflicts of interest, including personal or professional relationships with authors.

Editorial Responsibilities:
  • Maintaining journal quality and integrity
  • Managing peer review efficiently
  • Investigating ethical complaints
  • Correcting errors when necessary
  • Following COPE guidelines

For Reviewers

Contribution to Editorial Decisions

Peer review assists editors in making publication decisions and helps authors improve their manuscripts. Reviewers provide expert, objective assessment of scholarly work.

Promptness

Reviewers who feel unqualified or unable to complete the review within the specified timeframe should immediately notify the editor.

Confidentiality

Manuscripts under review are confidential documents. Reviewers must not share the manuscript or discuss it with others without editor authorization.

Objectivity

Reviews should be objective and constructive. Personal criticism is inappropriate. Reviewers should clearly express their views with supporting arguments.

Acknowledgment of Sources

Reviewers should identify relevant published work not cited by authors. They should also alert editors to any substantial similarity between the manuscript and other published works.

Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest

Reviewers must decline assignments where they have conflicts of interest and should disclose any potential biases.

Reviewer Guidelines: Reviews should address:
  • Originality and significance of contribution
  • Methodological rigor and soundness
  • Clarity and organization of presentation
  • Theological accuracy and scholarly depth
  • Suggestions for improvement

For the Publisher

Ethical Oversight

Hakmah Theological College Kaltungo, as the publisher, is committed to ensuring that all advertising, reprint, and other commercial revenue does not impact editorial decisions. The publisher supports editors in handling ethical complaints and retractions.

Access and Preservation

The publisher ensures long-term digital preservation of all published content and maintains open access to all articles.

Intellectual Property

The publisher respects intellectual property rights and handles copyright agreements transparently under Creative Commons licenses.

Research and Publication Misconduct

Definition of Misconduct

Misconduct includes, but is not limited to:

  • Plagiarism: Using others' work without attribution
  • Data Fabrication/Falsification: Manipulating or inventing data
  • Duplicate Publication: Publishing the same research in multiple journals
  • Citation Manipulation: Excessive self-citation or coercive citation
  • Authorship Disputes: Improper authorship assignment
  • Undisclosed Conflicts of Interest: Hidden financial or personal relationships

Handling Allegations

All allegations of misconduct will be investigated thoroughly and confidentially. The journal follows COPE flowcharts for handling different types of misconduct. Possible outcomes include:

  • Correction or retraction of published articles
  • Ban on future submissions
  • Notification to authors' institutions
  • Public announcement of misconduct
Reporting Misconduct: Readers, authors, or reviewers who suspect misconduct should report it confidentially to the Editor-in-Chief at editor@hakmah.edu.ng.

Corrections and Retractions

Corrections

When errors are identified that do not invalidate the overall findings, the journal will publish a correction notice explaining the changes.

Retractions

Articles will be retracted in cases of:

  • Major errors that invalidate findings
  • Proven research misconduct
  • Duplicate publication
  • Plagiarism
  • Violation of ethical standards

Expressions of Concern

If an investigation is ongoing or inconclusive, the journal may publish an Expression of Concern.

COPE Compliance

Hakmah Theological Journal is a member of and follows the guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). We adhere to COPE's Core Practices and use COPE flowcharts to resolve ethical issues.

For more information, visit: https://publicationethics.org/

Our Ethical Pledge

Hakmah Theological Journal is dedicated to publishing high-quality theological research with the utmost integrity. We pledge to maintain transparent editorial processes, fair peer review, and rigorous ethical standards. We are committed to combating plagiarism, data fabrication, and other forms of academic misconduct.

Together, we advance theological scholarship with integrity.